10 Most Commented:
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Proportions and Features: Hands and Feet
About Proportions:
Generally, proportions
refer to how different parts of the body relate to each other. The
length of the arm compared to the length of the torso, etc. It is
important to realize that there can be vast differences in proportion depending
on the style of the artist. Compare a life drawing of a human to
an anime figure, for example. Both are depictions of people, yet
normally you don't see people in real life who are 2/3 legs. :-)
I don't anyway. Learn to look at different styles and recognize the
proportions - the way different features relate to each other. Compare
comic book art to Disney animation, and Disney animation to anime.
Then find your own sense of proportion, which will also enhance your own
artistic style. The important thing is to be consistent in
your proportions. If you draw figures 6 heads high, be sure that
the rest of the figure matches up, and make sure that all your drawings
use those same standards - that will establish a style. Otherwise,
people are likely to comment that you just drew a person with a huge head.
**Disclaimer**
The information below is
based on MY OWN sense of proportion and style. Therefore, it is subjective
and should not be taken as some kind of 'golden standard'. If you
want to draw people with realistic proportions - draw from life and study
photos of people. I will try to differentiate between the two.
Experiment to develop your own sense of proportion.
Hands:
I've gotten a lot of requests for this section, so without
further ado:
Every artist that ever lived has had trouble with hands.
You can try workarounds like placing your subject's hands behind his back,
or hiding them in pockets, or drawing "mittens" instead of individual fingers,
but you're not fooling anyone. Someone looking at your picture is
going to think, "Aha – there's an artist who can't draw hands."
So bite the bullet, and let's get started. Examine
your own hands as you follow along.
Here is a simple tracing of a hand for illustration
purposes. Hands are a collection of many small bones connected with
cartilage and muscle. They are flexible and strong and have many
small moving parts. They also have very distinct proportions.
Why couldn't we have tentacles instead, eh? In order to draw them,
you have to break them down into managable bits and know what is important
to get in your drawing.
This is a hand, knuckle side up. The first feature
you should identify is also the largest – the back of the hand. It
forms a squarish shape, wider where the knuckles are and narrower at the
wrist. This is the foundation for the hand. Secondly, note
the placement of the joints of the fingers (marked with circles).
Joints are useful because 1) they mark where the fingers bend and 2) they
are a distinct thickening in the shape of the finger. Fingers are
more slender before and after the first joint, particularly in women.
Fingers do have three joints including the knuckle – there is another present
between the first joint and the tip of the finger not indicated in this
illustration, because it plays a minimal role in most hand gestures and
you can safely ignore it most of the time, unless the hand is grasping
something. We will concentrate on the knuckle and first joint for
now. Thirdly, note the largish oval that indicates the muscle pad
at the base of the thumb. This muscle pad helps build up the shape
of the hand, particularly the thumb, so don't neglect it. The thumb
has two joints. One is located at the pointed end of the oval, and
the second is indicated by a small circle.
This is a hand, palm side up. The palm side has
the muscles and flesh of the hand, while the back side is bony. The
most prominent muscle/flesh areas to remember are: the largish oval at
the base of the thumb, the ridge of muscle that runs along the side of
the hand, and the strip of callouse or thickened flesh that pads the palm
side of the knuckle joints. Also, each finger is tipped with a pad
of thickened skin. These thicker, muscular areas play an important
part in making your hands seem more lifelike and solid.
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